Building a healthy house in humid tropical Indonesia, requires a precise idea in the selection of building materials and design details of buildings. Building materials selected should not be fancy, expensive or imported materials. It is precisely the use of appropriate materials, in accordance with the tropical climate and the problems to overcome, is an important basis for building a healthy home.
Moist Tropical Climate Issues
Characteristic of humid tropical climates such as in Indonesia is relatively high air temperature throughout the year and high humidity as well. Air humidity is actually not harmful, but the side effects that appear dangerous.
Humidity can lead to the emergence of fungi, bacteria and certain microorganisms that interfere with health. There are even some fungi and insects that can damage building materials. Because it is necessary to choose the right building materials, in anticipation of this humid tropical climatic conditions.
Offers May Not Save
In building a house, generally we expect the cost of a cheap, could get a house with good quality, both in terms of construction and in terms of health. However, we should not blindly save. In terms of origin of the material is cheap, just take it. Because it could be a material having a low purchase price, after it calculated the value of its useful life is very expensive. In this case, we use the calculation of economic science.
Based on calculations of economic science, the materials we choose must clearly durable. Thus, the amount of money we spend divided by the age of the building material long enough to produce an economical usage value.
For example, the selection of Meranti wood for roof construction materials or frame, in terms of price per cubic meter, is cheaper than using wood Bengkirai. But keep in mind, durability and hardness levels far above Bengkirai wood Meranti wood. If we build in areas with many termite, then it will be faster Meranti wood rotten wood eaten by termites compared with Bengkirai.
Similarly, resistance to moisture. Bengkirai wood is more resistant than wood Meranti humid conditions. So if the price is cheap Meranti wood divided by service life of only a few years, then the value in use Meranti it will be more expensive when compared with use value Bengkirai. For, although the purchase price at the beginning of cheap, but after a few years become edible fungi or termite damaged, replacement should be done which means no extra cost.
Select the Right Construction
Next we must also consider the problem of construction. Because if construction is not planned properly, then instead of saving and healthy, instead we will often be bothered if there is a lot of damage later on.
In planning the construction of homes, we must consider the condition of the land on which the building will be erected. For example, if the condition of the land has a low water table, then we must select the construction of floors that can prevent up and pervasiveness of soil moisture into the wall. Pervasive and increasing soil moisture on the walls, will further increase the levels of humidity in the room. Notice the two pictures below.
Can not be said that the first construction is better or more efficient than the second construction. For efficient whether a construction, depending on the condition of land and forms of our building.
Transram layer can withstand a rise in soil moisture. Layer waterproof / transram is made from a mixture of sand and cement with a ratio of 1:2. Should be selected sand containing a little mud. Sand from volcanic eruptions, such as sand Galunggung in West Java or sand Muntilan in Central Java, is an example of sand from the volcanic eruption that little mud levels. Holding capacity of sand with low silt content is better than sand which contains a lot of mud.Time and Technical Work
Time and working techniques were also very influential on the durability and quality construction. As an illustration, we will discuss the problem of finishing materials or paint. In doing the painting, to consider the time and the proper way.
Wherever possible, avoid painting in the rainy season, due to moisture in the air high enough, so that will affect the drying results. Do not be too hasty to do the painting if plastering a new wall was completed. We recommend that you wait for one to two weeks after the job is finished plaster walls, new paint job can be started.
The lag time of one to two weeks is necessary to allow the layer of cement releases heat. Because if the heat release by the cement has not been perfect, can occur suddenly drying. The sudden drying will result in faster peeling paint.
The use of coatings before painting is often referred plamuur (read: plamir), should only be used for the inside of the building. Outer side of the building, should be painted directly without diplamuur first. Why is that? Because, plamuur have properties not stand the rain and heat (climate change), so it will peel off if exposed to the weather continuously. Although currently there are certain products that offer plamuur with good quality, are relatively more expensive than if you paint directly.
Calculate Profit and Loss
Each building material has advantages and disadvantages of each. So for every use of a material, there must be advantages and disadvantages. Obviously we do not want to lose, so it needs to count carefully.
For example in the choice of roof coverings or tiles. The use of asbestos as a wave of roofing materials, today still raises the pros and cons. There are opinions that say that the asbestos health hazard, but there are also surveys and studies showing that asbestos does not cause health problems, if it is installed beneath the ceiling and painted.
Regardless of the pros and cons of these issues, asbestos can be installed with a slope of up to 15 ° so it can be said to be almost flat. With mounting and exact location of nails, asbestos roof leaks relatively less experienced than other types of roofing. Additionally, asbestos is relatively cheaper price. If you intend to use asbestos, corrugated asbestos choose bigger than a small corrugated asbestos, because it is more robust and durable.
Another alternative is to cover the roof of concrete tiles. This material is actually quite good, as they are made with molds to produce tiles that more precision (better accuracy). In addition, concrete tile drained without due process of combustion, so the shape changes do not occur. Thus the installation of concrete roof tile is made easier and leaks in the rain can be avoided, because it is relatively more tightly.
But no ivory that is not cracked. Lack of concrete roof tile is a fairly heavy weight and its brittle (easily broken) when stepped on. Besides market competition is happening at this time, resulting in a decrease in quality due to a mixture of cement and sand no longer meet the standards. Consequently, if we choose the wrong, then the concrete tiles are more fragile and easily broken.
How to clay roof tiles? In terms of material, tile is relatively better, as only one ingredient that is made of clay. However, due to the drying process requires combustion, often change shape so it is not so precise. Need extra care and patience in assembly. However, this tile fact have better strength when stepped on (for example, when we fix a leak) and more "cool" than the two above the roof covering.
To calculate and determine the profit and loss, we must pay attention to our needs and limitations. Maybe for some people, the use of clay roof tiles are better than concrete tile, because it tends to heat the air around her house. While for some people, the use of asbestos roof may be more advantageous, because it can save material cost and cost handyman.
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