How to choose the ideal home for a tropical country like Indonesia? The question is often raised through the issue of global warming is increasingly widespread.
Most
of the audience may hardly notice the concept of home to suit the
weather and climate, given today's society is more likely to consider
the trend rather than the needs of their residence. Later,
the habit as it began to disappear due to global warming issues have
increasingly penetrated the thinking people of Indonesia. The issue is not only a blow to the government, but also for society.
Thus, governments, architects, and the general public in droves to voice the importance of a welcoming home with nature. One of them by applying the concept of green homes.
According Pramtama Her architect, in general we are still experiencing an environmental crisis. One
way to change it, namely by applying the concept of green on occupancy,
such as the use of natural light and minimize our dependence on
technology. Given
that global warming has become a world issue, it would require
awareness of all walks of life to increasingly concerned about the
environment.
It is quite difficult to change all of the initial state is no longer relevant for the switch to the "rules" in the past. Therefore, it takes the first step to minimize the negative effects of this situation. Her clear, we've had to design a comfortable home design. In that sense, can breathe air and are able to absorb enough natural light.
"Because
our community is already accustomed to the 'tolerances', such as the
use of air conditioning, electricity usage during the day, and other
behaviors, so as to transform it from scratch is quite difficult," said
Her.
So, from now on we must eliminate the "tolerance" and return to our real life. "You
do this by applying the concept of green homes in the area, reducing
air conditioning usage, and reduce the use of headlights during the day
and lifestyle," Her suggestions.
Meanwhile,
according to architect Nunung Adiwijaya, the characteristics of the
first green concept, the house has many large openings such as windows
and tall. With many openings, the home will adopt more air and natural light, while the reduction of electrical energy during the day. Second, the higher the building, the ceiling is made of more than three meters.
These
designs are not only energy efficient homes, but also gives the
impression of luxury and magnificent. "Usually the design is implemented
in public spaces, such as the family room and living room," added
Nunung. The
third characteristic, usually a concept like this often take advantage
of many landscapes, such as the use of the park in the front and back of
house
The Most Popular Home Designs
Design For Humanity Home Lifestyle
Rabu, 08 Februari 2012
East West Combined Architecture
Style East meet West is often applied in occupancy since it can accommodate not only two styles of home design, art and culture is also unique. Display the end, the home becomes a fresh, captivating and timeless.
In practice, usually synonymous with Eastern elements all things ethnic, while Western philosophy tends to be shown through the design simple and modern. Modern house architecture can be decorated in its interior a touch of ethnic.
Meanwhile, the effect of ethnicity is represented by a selection of knick-knacks or furniture traditional breathing sampled from certain areas. "Architecture with the concept of East meet West is a cultural element in the architectural design," said Andry Hermawan architect.
According to him, the use of culture most of the display architecture of East China and Japan. Ornaments used on windows, doors, lights and even using the architecture of China. The elements of West typically use the concept of culture and arts of the countries in mainland Europe, such as Spanish, Portuguese, and Dutch.
Currently there are architects and interior designers who translated the concept of East meet West to lead to the style of contemporary design. Therefore, the flow is essentially also part of a mix of modern influence of ethnic and cultural regions. Many buildings are constructed with modern style and refers to the international style, the interior gets a touch of art from the East.
While in residence, today we meet a lot of European-style architecture, but still apply the elements of Java as an accent doors, windows, and furniture. And vice versa.
In practice, usually synonymous with Eastern elements all things ethnic, while Western philosophy tends to be shown through the design simple and modern. Modern house architecture can be decorated in its interior a touch of ethnic.
Meanwhile, the effect of ethnicity is represented by a selection of knick-knacks or furniture traditional breathing sampled from certain areas. "Architecture with the concept of East meet West is a cultural element in the architectural design," said Andry Hermawan architect.
According to him, the use of culture most of the display architecture of East China and Japan. Ornaments used on windows, doors, lights and even using the architecture of China. The elements of West typically use the concept of culture and arts of the countries in mainland Europe, such as Spanish, Portuguese, and Dutch.
Currently there are architects and interior designers who translated the concept of East meet West to lead to the style of contemporary design. Therefore, the flow is essentially also part of a mix of modern influence of ethnic and cultural regions. Many buildings are constructed with modern style and refers to the international style, the interior gets a touch of art from the East.
While in residence, today we meet a lot of European-style architecture, but still apply the elements of Java as an accent doors, windows, and furniture. And vice versa.
Jumat, 06 Januari 2012
Keeping Home Security Tips
The period around the holidays like now are very vulnerable when you leave your home in an unsafe condition. You at least will not worry if you have a vacation time or leave your home for a long time but you do not confuse, the important thing is to always be vigilant.
Crime could come at any time, without being invited. We certainly do not want the crime occurs in our homes. Viewed on the television show, accompanied by a violent crime with a lot happening every day.
To prevent and maintain the security of home, here I have to say a few tips to keep the crime did not occur in our homes, may be beneficial.
* Lock the doors and windows before going to bed or leaving home.
* Try to make double lock, with a sturdy padlock on the door of our home.
* Install railings padajendela home will reduce one of the entrance of evil.
* Turn on the lights around the house at night. Because the dark side of the driveway thieves or criminals.
* Install CCTV or cameras in the area that is easy for the monitor.
* Beware of strangers who come your home, not a little crime to come by pretending as a sales or officers of certain companies.
* Keep your jewelry or money in secret, better keep your assets in the Bank.
* Log the nearest security officer, Chairman of RT, phone numbers nearest neighbors. Contact them if things happen that are not desirable.
* If you leave the house for a long time, leave the house at the nearest neighbor, and unplug electrical appliances not in use.
* Turn on the radio in a quiet room in your home when the house was left in a long time.
If you have other tips, please add to shared with another friend's friend. May be useful.
Crime could come at any time, without being invited. We certainly do not want the crime occurs in our homes. Viewed on the television show, accompanied by a violent crime with a lot happening every day.
To prevent and maintain the security of home, here I have to say a few tips to keep the crime did not occur in our homes, may be beneficial.
* Lock the doors and windows before going to bed or leaving home.
* Try to make double lock, with a sturdy padlock on the door of our home.
* Install railings padajendela home will reduce one of the entrance of evil.
* Turn on the lights around the house at night. Because the dark side of the driveway thieves or criminals.
* Install CCTV or cameras in the area that is easy for the monitor.
* Beware of strangers who come your home, not a little crime to come by pretending as a sales or officers of certain companies.
* Keep your jewelry or money in secret, better keep your assets in the Bank.
* Log the nearest security officer, Chairman of RT, phone numbers nearest neighbors. Contact them if things happen that are not desirable.
* If you leave the house for a long time, leave the house at the nearest neighbor, and unplug electrical appliances not in use.
* Turn on the radio in a quiet room in your home when the house was left in a long time.
* Tidy up around the house.
Whether it's rainy season, or the middle of summer, it is very important to keep tree limbs away from the second floor of the house and to ensure that the bush does not give opportunity to the robbers that may try to make their way into the house.
* Use your home alarm system.
If you have invested in extra protection, it is important to utilize your home security system. Make sure all members of your house knows how to manage it.
* Use timers for lights.
Would you come home late or on vacation, make your home look crowded and busy enough as it is deadly and turned on the lights. So it would seem from the outside that you are at home or at least there is someone there that keep your home
Whether it's rainy season, or the middle of summer, it is very important to keep tree limbs away from the second floor of the house and to ensure that the bush does not give opportunity to the robbers that may try to make their way into the house.
* Use your home alarm system.
If you have invested in extra protection, it is important to utilize your home security system. Make sure all members of your house knows how to manage it.
* Use timers for lights.
Would you come home late or on vacation, make your home look crowded and busy enough as it is deadly and turned on the lights. So it would seem from the outside that you are at home or at least there is someone there that keep your home
If you have other tips, please add to shared with another friend's friend. May be useful.
Kamis, 05 Januari 2012
Minimalist Interior Design Year 2012
Sleek, shiny, stainless steel appliances are still on trend for 2012. However, aesthetics has little to do with it. Stainless practical in the kitchen. Because nonporous, germs and bacteria can be washed with ease. Steel easy maintenance is the best choice for homeowners want to update their kitchen appliances. Given the energy-saving equipment is also a factor as more homeowners seek to do their part by going green.
Opening the kitchen space and integrate it with the living room becomes more and more popular. Homeowners who want a functional and inviting space. Creating a modern large room with open space between the two allows easy and relaxed entertaining.
design interior badroom
Wood, bamboo, reclaimed wood floors are at the trend in 2012. This surface is easily cleaned and maintained. Highly sustainable bamboo flooring, hardwood and has a brand new appearance. Homeowners looking for something more unique should opt for reclaimed wood flooring. This floor is recycled from demolished buildings and bamboo flooring, is a better choice for the environment. Hard flooring option for 2012 is a solid choice.
Eco-friendly and nature inspired materials will be a popular choice for homeowners in 2012. Finished in natural wood tables, dressers and furniture will remind from the outside. Colors that reflect nature, sky blue, forest green and neutral is in the trend. Take it a step further and using low VOC paints and stains.
List of timber in Indonesia
Indonesia has about 4,000 species of trees, with the potential to be used as building timber. However, to date only about 400 species (10%) having economic value and fewer still, 260 species, which have been classified as the timber trade. [1]
Here is a list of names of wood or timber groups by its trade name, in accordance with Annex Forestry Ministerial Decree No. 163/Kpts-II/2003 dated May 26, 2003 regarding grouping of timber types as the Basis for Imposition of Fees Forestry; with some adjustments.
This type of Meranti Group / Commercial Group One
No. Trade Name Scientific Name Names of Region
1. Agatis Agathis spp. Resin (Jw.), dama (Slw.), resin bindang (Klm.), resin torch (Smt.). (Ingg.): kauri pine.2. Turvy Shorea spp. (Eg S. materialist Ridl., Maxwelliana S. King, S. scrobiculata Burck); Parashorea spp. Marine resin (Smt.), semantok (Aceh), amperok, anggelam, selangan stone (Klm.)3. Red turvy Shorea spp. (Eg, S. Collina Ridl., S. guiso (Blanco) Bl.) Turvy sea, red sea amber, stone tuyang, putang, clay brother. Ingg.: Red selangan.4. Bangkirai Shorea spp. (Ie. kunstleri S. King, S. laevis Ridley, S. laevifolia Endert); Hopea spp. (Ie. celebica H. Burck, H. semicuneata Sym.) Benuas, breaking loose cat's eyes, hulo dereh, Puguh, Jangkang white, shellfish (Smt.), bubuh (Bk.)5. Damar Araucaria spp. (Eg A. cunninghamii D. Don, A. hunsteinii K. Schum.) Alloa, ningwik, pien (Pap.). Ingg.: Araucaria.6. Durian Durio spp. (Especially Durio carinatus Mast.); Coelostegia spp. Durian birds, lahong, layung, apun, begurah, punggai, durian ghosts, hornbills7. Gia Homalium tomentosum (Roxb.) Benth., Homalium foetidum (Roxb.) Benth. Delingsem (Jw.), wood stone, melunas, wood buffalo, momala (Slw.)8. Giam [2] Cotylelobium spp. (Ie. burckii C. Heim, C. lanceolatum Craib, C. melanoxylon Pierre Giam durian, resak copper hill; Giam rice, resak small leaves, resak stone, copper Giam, resak broad leaves; resak mountain9. Jelutung Dyera spp. Pulai rice, pantung mountain, melabuai10. Chalk Dryobalanops spp. (Of which D. oblongifolia Dyer, D. sumatrensis (Gmelin) Kosterm.) Camphor (wood), wood kayatan, bile, keladan11. Limestone Limestone petanang Dryobalanops guras oblongifolia Dyer (Smt.), lime paya (Mly.), kelansau (Swk.)12. Walnuts Canarium spp., Dacryodes spp. , Santiria spp., Trioma spp. Kerantai, ki tuwak, binjau, acids, kedondong (kedundung), resung, Bayung, ranggorai, mertukul13. Keruing Dipterocarpus spp. (Eg D. applanatus V.Sl., D. baudii Korth., D. elongatus Korth. Etc..) Keruing arong, kekalup; Lagan sanduk, mara bat; keruing tempudau; tempurau, merkurang, kawang, apitong14. Kulim Scorodocarpus Becc borneensis. Timber forest onion (Klm.)15. Pongamia pinnata Malapari (L.) Pierre Malapari16. Matoa Pometia spp.; Eg. P. pinnata Forster & Forster, P. ridleyi King Kasai, epidemic, kungki, hatobu, wooden cows (Jw.), seize (Mlku.), IHI mendek (Irian Jaya)17. Medang Cinnamomum spp. Sintuk, sintok lancing, Teja ki, ki tuha, ki lemongrass, selasihan18. Yellow Meranti Shorea spp. (Among them: S. acuminatissima Sym., S. balanocarpoides Sym., Faguetiana S. Heim, S. gibbosa Brandis, Shorea scollaris V.Sl.; black resin, rosin kalepek; Damar black valve; Bangkirai guruk, karamuku; Damar fruit , grabbed kuyung; resin antlers. Ingg.: yellow while.19. Red Meranti Shorea spp. (Among them: S. johorensis Foxw., S. lepidota BI., S. leprosula Miq., S. ovalis BI., S. palembanica Miq., S. platyclados V.Sl. ex Foxw., S. leptoclados Sym. , etc..) majau, meranti merkuyung; Meranti ketrahan; Meranti copper, kontoi bayor; Meranti Klungkung; Tengkawang majau; Banio, ketir; As the red, campaga, lempong, beetles, meranti ketuko, hickey. Ingg.: While red, red lauan.20. White Meranti Shorea spp. (Among them: S. assamica Dyer, S. bracteolata Dyer, S. javanica K. et. Val., S. lamellata Foxw., S. ochracea Sym., S. retinodes V.SI., S. virescens Parijs, S . koordersi Brandis, etc..) Damar mesegar; Bunyau, resin kedontang; Damar cat's eye, amber glass, amber cat; tunam resin, rosin pakit; Damar kebaong, baong, bayong, baung, belobungo, kontoi copper; Balamsarai, resin mansarai; Damar maja, kontoi Sabang; miser, shrimp, prawns and over, amber woods, anggelam mice, maharam cut, pongin, cloud hump, mehing (Smt., Cal.); Damar running, lalari, temungku, white tambia (Slw. ), Damar white calm, arola, honi (Mlku.). Ingg.: White meranti.21. Merawan Hopea spp. (Eg H. dasyrrachis V.Sl., dyeri H. Heim, H. Korth sangal., Etc..) Tekam, tekam termites; Bangkirai horn, Quote, Amang iron; Cengal, merawan egg; Ngerawan, cengal turvy22. Merbau Intsia spp. (Mainly I. bijuga OK, I. palembanica Miq.) Merbau acid, ipi (NT.), ironwood (Papua); Ipil, anglai, maharan; Horn (Mlku.)23. Mersawa Anisoptera spp. (Eg A. laevis Ridl., A. marginata Korth., A. thurifera Bl.) Cengal rice, turmeric resin; Masegar (Smt.), ketimpun (Klm.), mersawa large leaves; tabok, hold24. Nyatoh Palaquium spp., Payena spp., Madhuca spp. Suntai, Balam, jongkong, hangkang, Katingan, Mayang stone, Bunut, outstretched, bakalaung, ketiau, jengkot, kolan25. Palapi Heritiera (Tarrietia) spp.; Eg. H. javanica (Bl.) Kosterm., H. simplicifolia (Mast.) Kosterm., H. littoralis Ait., H. S. sylvatica Vidal Mengkulang, teraling; Dungun, talutung, lesions.26. Penjalin Celtis spp. Rempelas, jeungkil ki, ki endog (Sd.), cengkek (Jw.), troop (Sumbawa)27. Perupuk Lophopetalum spp.; Eg. L. javanicum (Zoll.) Turcz., L. multinervium Ridl., L. subobovatum King, L. wightianum Arn. Crackers (Smt.), pasana (Klm.), mandalaksa (Jw.), cedar28. Pentace Areca spp. Softened, sigeung ki, ki sinduk, kelembing29. Pulai Alstonia spp. (Of which A. pneumatophora Back., A. scholaris R.Br., A. Spatulata Bl., A. macrophylla Wall., A. spectabilis R.Br.) Wood cork, Rita, gitoh, bintau, cone, pule, Miang island. Ingg.: White cheesewood, milkwood, milky pine.30. Rasamala Altingia Noroña Tulasan excelsa (Smt.), mandung (Min.), mala (Jw.)31. Resak Vatica spp.; Eg. V. maingayi Dyer, V. Hook.f. oblongifolia, V. rassak Bl. Damar along, white resak
ulin wood
Mixed Wood Forest Type Group / Commercial Group Two
1. Mangrove Rhizophora spp. and Bruguiera spp Tumu, Lenggadai, Anchors, tanjaq, Putut, bushing, alligator eyes2. Bayur Pterospermum spp. Balang, Walang, Wadang, Wayu3. Benuang Octomeles sumatrana Miq. Benuang bini (Klm.), winuang (Slw.)4. Adina Berumbung minutiflora Val.); Pertusadina spp. Wood holes, Barumbung, Wood itching5. Bintangur Calophyllum spp.; Eg. C. calaba L., C. inophyllum L., C. papuanum Lauterb., C. pulcherrimum Wall.ex Choisy, C. soulattri Burm.f. Bintangor, acacia; Nyamplung; sulatri; Bunoh, bintangur Bunut6. BIPA Pterygota spp. Wood wipa7. Bowoi Serianthes minahassae Merr. & Perry (Syn. Albizia minahasae Coord.) Rayango, Merang, Terangkuse8. Bugis Koordersiodendron pinnatum Merr. Grepau9. Cenge Mastixia rostrata BI. Cenge, Cingo10. Duabanga Duabanga moluccana BI. Benuang men, Takir, Aras, Raju mas11. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus spp.; Eg. E. Reinw.ex alba Bl., E. deglupta Bl., E. urophylla S.T. Blake Wood white; Leda, palm (Mlku.), tampai; Ampupu (East),12. Gelam Melaleuca spp. Eucalyptus13. Gempol Nauclea spp. Wosen, Klepu sand, Anggrit14. Gopasa Vitex spp. Teraut, Laban15. Gerunggang / roar Cratoxylum spp.; Eg. C. arborescens (Vahl) Bl., C. cochinchinense (Lour.) Bl. Madang baro; incompressible, Butun; kemutul, temau; edat16. Jabon Anthocephalus spp. (A. chinensis (Lamk.) A. Rich ex Walp. And A. macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil.) Kelampayan (Mly.), Laran (Klm.), semama (Amb.). Ingg.: Cadamba.17. Tassel Syzygium spp. [3] Chelate, Ki copper, Guava18. Cotton-kapasan Exbucklandia populnea R. Brown Hapas-hapas, Tapa-tapa, Leman19. Wooden train Swintonia spp. Rengas sumpung, Merpauh, Bagels ruby20. Lute Sandoricum spp. Papung, Tenebrous, Sentul21. Forest Kedondong Spondias spp. Coco, Kacemcem leuweung22. Kelumpang Sterculia spp. Billowing, Kalupat, Lomes23. Flower bowl Scaphium macropodum J. B. Heels in love, merpayang (Smt.)24. Kempas Koompassia malaccensis maing. Hampas, breakeven, wanderer chicken25. Cananga Cananga sp. Kananga26. Keranji Dialium spp.; Eg. D. indum L., D. platysepalum Baker, D. procerum (v.Steen.) Stey Wood wax; Maranji27. Ketapang Terminalia spp. Kalumpit, Klumprit, Jelawai, Jaha28. Ketimunan Timonius spp. Seranai, Temirit, Maureen Wood29. Lancat Mastixiodendron spp. Kundur, Modjiu, Raimagago30. Lara Metrosideros spp. and Xanthostemon spp. Lompopaito, Nani, Langera31. Mahang Macaranga spp. Merkubung, Mara, the Continent32. Litsea firm Medang Hook f.; Dehaasia spp. Manggah, riots nuts, Keleban, Wuru, Turmeric33. Mempisang Mezzetia Becc parviflora.; Xylopia spp.; Alphonsea spp.; Kandelia candel Druce Mahabai, Hakai mire, Empunyit, Jangkang, Banitan, bananas34. Mendarahan Myristica spp., Knema spp. Blood-blood, Tangkalak, Au-au, Ki mokla, Kumpang, Wood luo, riots35. Establish Xanthophyllum spp. Candles, Ki endog, Segi hedgehog36. Mentibu Dactylocladus stenostachys Oliv. Jongkong, merebung37. Vernonia arborea Merambung Han. Merambung, Sembung38. Punak Tetramerista glabra Miq. Wood Malacca (Smt.), cerega (Klm.)39. Puspa Schima spp.; Especially S. wallichii Korth. Seru (Jw.), simartolu (Smt.), Madang itching (Klm.)40. Rengas Gluta Aptera (King) Ding Hou Rengas copper, Rangas41. Saninten Castanopsis argentea A. DC. Sarangan (Jw.), ki hiur (Sd.), kalimorot42. Sengon Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen Jeungjing, Laughter Kase, Sika (Maluku)43. Sepat Berrya cordofolia Roxb. Waru mountain, Bats44. Endospermum spoonful spp.; Eg. E. diadenum (Miq.) Airy Shaw, E. moluccanum (T & B) Kurz, E. peltatum Merr. Spoons, wooden harbor (Smt.), wood-month (Mly.), Garung (Klm.); Wood king (Mlku.)45. Simpur Dillenia spp.; Eg. D. grandifolia Wall., D. obovata Hoogl., D. pentagyna Roxb. Perfect, seal, Jackie, Dongi46. Surian Toona sureni Merr. Suren, kalantas47. Tembesu Fagraea spp.; Eg. F. fragrans Roxb., F. sororia J.J. Sm. Tomasu (Smt.), kulaki (Slw.), malbira, ki stretcher48. Tempinis Sloetia elongata KDS. Damuli, Iron Wood49. Tepis Polyalthia Boerl glauca. Banitan, Pemelesian, tinyang Wood, Wood month, Banet, Wood kalet50. Tenggayun Parartocarpus spp. Ongko book, Pejatai, Purut fur51. Applicable Artocarpus spp. Cempedak, Kulur, Tara, Teureup52. Stretched Campnosperma spp.; Eg. C. auriculatum (Bl.) Hook.f., C. brevipetiolatum Volkens, etc.. Tumbus (Smt.), pauh lebi53. Stretched chicken Buchanania spp. Pauhan, Antumbus, Talantang54. T u s a m Pinus spp. Pine, stone resin, Uyam55. Utup Aromadendron sp. U t u p
Here is a list of names of wood or timber groups by its trade name, in accordance with Annex Forestry Ministerial Decree No. 163/Kpts-II/2003 dated May 26, 2003 regarding grouping of timber types as the Basis for Imposition of Fees Forestry; with some adjustments.
This type of Meranti Group / Commercial Group One
No. Trade Name Scientific Name Names of Region
1. Agatis Agathis spp. Resin (Jw.), dama (Slw.), resin bindang (Klm.), resin torch (Smt.). (Ingg.): kauri pine.2. Turvy Shorea spp. (Eg S. materialist Ridl., Maxwelliana S. King, S. scrobiculata Burck); Parashorea spp. Marine resin (Smt.), semantok (Aceh), amperok, anggelam, selangan stone (Klm.)3. Red turvy Shorea spp. (Eg, S. Collina Ridl., S. guiso (Blanco) Bl.) Turvy sea, red sea amber, stone tuyang, putang, clay brother. Ingg.: Red selangan.4. Bangkirai Shorea spp. (Ie. kunstleri S. King, S. laevis Ridley, S. laevifolia Endert); Hopea spp. (Ie. celebica H. Burck, H. semicuneata Sym.) Benuas, breaking loose cat's eyes, hulo dereh, Puguh, Jangkang white, shellfish (Smt.), bubuh (Bk.)5. Damar Araucaria spp. (Eg A. cunninghamii D. Don, A. hunsteinii K. Schum.) Alloa, ningwik, pien (Pap.). Ingg.: Araucaria.6. Durian Durio spp. (Especially Durio carinatus Mast.); Coelostegia spp. Durian birds, lahong, layung, apun, begurah, punggai, durian ghosts, hornbills7. Gia Homalium tomentosum (Roxb.) Benth., Homalium foetidum (Roxb.) Benth. Delingsem (Jw.), wood stone, melunas, wood buffalo, momala (Slw.)8. Giam [2] Cotylelobium spp. (Ie. burckii C. Heim, C. lanceolatum Craib, C. melanoxylon Pierre Giam durian, resak copper hill; Giam rice, resak small leaves, resak stone, copper Giam, resak broad leaves; resak mountain9. Jelutung Dyera spp. Pulai rice, pantung mountain, melabuai10. Chalk Dryobalanops spp. (Of which D. oblongifolia Dyer, D. sumatrensis (Gmelin) Kosterm.) Camphor (wood), wood kayatan, bile, keladan11. Limestone Limestone petanang Dryobalanops guras oblongifolia Dyer (Smt.), lime paya (Mly.), kelansau (Swk.)12. Walnuts Canarium spp., Dacryodes spp. , Santiria spp., Trioma spp. Kerantai, ki tuwak, binjau, acids, kedondong (kedundung), resung, Bayung, ranggorai, mertukul13. Keruing Dipterocarpus spp. (Eg D. applanatus V.Sl., D. baudii Korth., D. elongatus Korth. Etc..) Keruing arong, kekalup; Lagan sanduk, mara bat; keruing tempudau; tempurau, merkurang, kawang, apitong14. Kulim Scorodocarpus Becc borneensis. Timber forest onion (Klm.)15. Pongamia pinnata Malapari (L.) Pierre Malapari16. Matoa Pometia spp.; Eg. P. pinnata Forster & Forster, P. ridleyi King Kasai, epidemic, kungki, hatobu, wooden cows (Jw.), seize (Mlku.), IHI mendek (Irian Jaya)17. Medang Cinnamomum spp. Sintuk, sintok lancing, Teja ki, ki tuha, ki lemongrass, selasihan18. Yellow Meranti Shorea spp. (Among them: S. acuminatissima Sym., S. balanocarpoides Sym., Faguetiana S. Heim, S. gibbosa Brandis, Shorea scollaris V.Sl.; black resin, rosin kalepek; Damar black valve; Bangkirai guruk, karamuku; Damar fruit , grabbed kuyung; resin antlers. Ingg.: yellow while.19. Red Meranti Shorea spp. (Among them: S. johorensis Foxw., S. lepidota BI., S. leprosula Miq., S. ovalis BI., S. palembanica Miq., S. platyclados V.Sl. ex Foxw., S. leptoclados Sym. , etc..) majau, meranti merkuyung; Meranti ketrahan; Meranti copper, kontoi bayor; Meranti Klungkung; Tengkawang majau; Banio, ketir; As the red, campaga, lempong, beetles, meranti ketuko, hickey. Ingg.: While red, red lauan.20. White Meranti Shorea spp. (Among them: S. assamica Dyer, S. bracteolata Dyer, S. javanica K. et. Val., S. lamellata Foxw., S. ochracea Sym., S. retinodes V.SI., S. virescens Parijs, S . koordersi Brandis, etc..) Damar mesegar; Bunyau, resin kedontang; Damar cat's eye, amber glass, amber cat; tunam resin, rosin pakit; Damar kebaong, baong, bayong, baung, belobungo, kontoi copper; Balamsarai, resin mansarai; Damar maja, kontoi Sabang; miser, shrimp, prawns and over, amber woods, anggelam mice, maharam cut, pongin, cloud hump, mehing (Smt., Cal.); Damar running, lalari, temungku, white tambia (Slw. ), Damar white calm, arola, honi (Mlku.). Ingg.: White meranti.21. Merawan Hopea spp. (Eg H. dasyrrachis V.Sl., dyeri H. Heim, H. Korth sangal., Etc..) Tekam, tekam termites; Bangkirai horn, Quote, Amang iron; Cengal, merawan egg; Ngerawan, cengal turvy22. Merbau Intsia spp. (Mainly I. bijuga OK, I. palembanica Miq.) Merbau acid, ipi (NT.), ironwood (Papua); Ipil, anglai, maharan; Horn (Mlku.)23. Mersawa Anisoptera spp. (Eg A. laevis Ridl., A. marginata Korth., A. thurifera Bl.) Cengal rice, turmeric resin; Masegar (Smt.), ketimpun (Klm.), mersawa large leaves; tabok, hold24. Nyatoh Palaquium spp., Payena spp., Madhuca spp. Suntai, Balam, jongkong, hangkang, Katingan, Mayang stone, Bunut, outstretched, bakalaung, ketiau, jengkot, kolan25. Palapi Heritiera (Tarrietia) spp.; Eg. H. javanica (Bl.) Kosterm., H. simplicifolia (Mast.) Kosterm., H. littoralis Ait., H. S. sylvatica Vidal Mengkulang, teraling; Dungun, talutung, lesions.26. Penjalin Celtis spp. Rempelas, jeungkil ki, ki endog (Sd.), cengkek (Jw.), troop (Sumbawa)27. Perupuk Lophopetalum spp.; Eg. L. javanicum (Zoll.) Turcz., L. multinervium Ridl., L. subobovatum King, L. wightianum Arn. Crackers (Smt.), pasana (Klm.), mandalaksa (Jw.), cedar28. Pentace Areca spp. Softened, sigeung ki, ki sinduk, kelembing29. Pulai Alstonia spp. (Of which A. pneumatophora Back., A. scholaris R.Br., A. Spatulata Bl., A. macrophylla Wall., A. spectabilis R.Br.) Wood cork, Rita, gitoh, bintau, cone, pule, Miang island. Ingg.: White cheesewood, milkwood, milky pine.30. Rasamala Altingia Noroña Tulasan excelsa (Smt.), mandung (Min.), mala (Jw.)31. Resak Vatica spp.; Eg. V. maingayi Dyer, V. Hook.f. oblongifolia, V. rassak Bl. Damar along, white resak
ulin wood
Mixed Wood Forest Type Group / Commercial Group Two
1. Mangrove Rhizophora spp. and Bruguiera spp Tumu, Lenggadai, Anchors, tanjaq, Putut, bushing, alligator eyes2. Bayur Pterospermum spp. Balang, Walang, Wadang, Wayu3. Benuang Octomeles sumatrana Miq. Benuang bini (Klm.), winuang (Slw.)4. Adina Berumbung minutiflora Val.); Pertusadina spp. Wood holes, Barumbung, Wood itching5. Bintangur Calophyllum spp.; Eg. C. calaba L., C. inophyllum L., C. papuanum Lauterb., C. pulcherrimum Wall.ex Choisy, C. soulattri Burm.f. Bintangor, acacia; Nyamplung; sulatri; Bunoh, bintangur Bunut6. BIPA Pterygota spp. Wood wipa7. Bowoi Serianthes minahassae Merr. & Perry (Syn. Albizia minahasae Coord.) Rayango, Merang, Terangkuse8. Bugis Koordersiodendron pinnatum Merr. Grepau9. Cenge Mastixia rostrata BI. Cenge, Cingo10. Duabanga Duabanga moluccana BI. Benuang men, Takir, Aras, Raju mas11. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus spp.; Eg. E. Reinw.ex alba Bl., E. deglupta Bl., E. urophylla S.T. Blake Wood white; Leda, palm (Mlku.), tampai; Ampupu (East),12. Gelam Melaleuca spp. Eucalyptus13. Gempol Nauclea spp. Wosen, Klepu sand, Anggrit14. Gopasa Vitex spp. Teraut, Laban15. Gerunggang / roar Cratoxylum spp.; Eg. C. arborescens (Vahl) Bl., C. cochinchinense (Lour.) Bl. Madang baro; incompressible, Butun; kemutul, temau; edat16. Jabon Anthocephalus spp. (A. chinensis (Lamk.) A. Rich ex Walp. And A. macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil.) Kelampayan (Mly.), Laran (Klm.), semama (Amb.). Ingg.: Cadamba.17. Tassel Syzygium spp. [3] Chelate, Ki copper, Guava18. Cotton-kapasan Exbucklandia populnea R. Brown Hapas-hapas, Tapa-tapa, Leman19. Wooden train Swintonia spp. Rengas sumpung, Merpauh, Bagels ruby20. Lute Sandoricum spp. Papung, Tenebrous, Sentul21. Forest Kedondong Spondias spp. Coco, Kacemcem leuweung22. Kelumpang Sterculia spp. Billowing, Kalupat, Lomes23. Flower bowl Scaphium macropodum J. B. Heels in love, merpayang (Smt.)24. Kempas Koompassia malaccensis maing. Hampas, breakeven, wanderer chicken25. Cananga Cananga sp. Kananga26. Keranji Dialium spp.; Eg. D. indum L., D. platysepalum Baker, D. procerum (v.Steen.) Stey Wood wax; Maranji27. Ketapang Terminalia spp. Kalumpit, Klumprit, Jelawai, Jaha28. Ketimunan Timonius spp. Seranai, Temirit, Maureen Wood29. Lancat Mastixiodendron spp. Kundur, Modjiu, Raimagago30. Lara Metrosideros spp. and Xanthostemon spp. Lompopaito, Nani, Langera31. Mahang Macaranga spp. Merkubung, Mara, the Continent32. Litsea firm Medang Hook f.; Dehaasia spp. Manggah, riots nuts, Keleban, Wuru, Turmeric33. Mempisang Mezzetia Becc parviflora.; Xylopia spp.; Alphonsea spp.; Kandelia candel Druce Mahabai, Hakai mire, Empunyit, Jangkang, Banitan, bananas34. Mendarahan Myristica spp., Knema spp. Blood-blood, Tangkalak, Au-au, Ki mokla, Kumpang, Wood luo, riots35. Establish Xanthophyllum spp. Candles, Ki endog, Segi hedgehog36. Mentibu Dactylocladus stenostachys Oliv. Jongkong, merebung37. Vernonia arborea Merambung Han. Merambung, Sembung38. Punak Tetramerista glabra Miq. Wood Malacca (Smt.), cerega (Klm.)39. Puspa Schima spp.; Especially S. wallichii Korth. Seru (Jw.), simartolu (Smt.), Madang itching (Klm.)40. Rengas Gluta Aptera (King) Ding Hou Rengas copper, Rangas41. Saninten Castanopsis argentea A. DC. Sarangan (Jw.), ki hiur (Sd.), kalimorot42. Sengon Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen Jeungjing, Laughter Kase, Sika (Maluku)43. Sepat Berrya cordofolia Roxb. Waru mountain, Bats44. Endospermum spoonful spp.; Eg. E. diadenum (Miq.) Airy Shaw, E. moluccanum (T & B) Kurz, E. peltatum Merr. Spoons, wooden harbor (Smt.), wood-month (Mly.), Garung (Klm.); Wood king (Mlku.)45. Simpur Dillenia spp.; Eg. D. grandifolia Wall., D. obovata Hoogl., D. pentagyna Roxb. Perfect, seal, Jackie, Dongi46. Surian Toona sureni Merr. Suren, kalantas47. Tembesu Fagraea spp.; Eg. F. fragrans Roxb., F. sororia J.J. Sm. Tomasu (Smt.), kulaki (Slw.), malbira, ki stretcher48. Tempinis Sloetia elongata KDS. Damuli, Iron Wood49. Tepis Polyalthia Boerl glauca. Banitan, Pemelesian, tinyang Wood, Wood month, Banet, Wood kalet50. Tenggayun Parartocarpus spp. Ongko book, Pejatai, Purut fur51. Applicable Artocarpus spp. Cempedak, Kulur, Tara, Teureup52. Stretched Campnosperma spp.; Eg. C. auriculatum (Bl.) Hook.f., C. brevipetiolatum Volkens, etc.. Tumbus (Smt.), pauh lebi53. Stretched chicken Buchanania spp. Pauhan, Antumbus, Talantang54. T u s a m Pinus spp. Pine, stone resin, Uyam55. Utup Aromadendron sp. U t u p
Selecting Materials for a Healthy Tropical House
Building a healthy home, does not always require building materials are luxurious and expensive.
Building a healthy house in humid tropical Indonesia, requires a precise idea in the selection of building materials and design details of buildings. Building materials selected should not be fancy, expensive or imported materials. It is precisely the use of appropriate materials, in accordance with the tropical climate and the problems to overcome, is an important basis for building a healthy home.
Moist Tropical Climate Issues
Characteristic of humid tropical climates such as in Indonesia is relatively high air temperature throughout the year and high humidity as well. Air humidity is actually not harmful, but the side effects that appear dangerous.
Humidity can lead to the emergence of fungi, bacteria and certain microorganisms that interfere with health. There are even some fungi and insects that can damage building materials. Because it is necessary to choose the right building materials, in anticipation of this humid tropical climatic conditions.
Offers May Not Save
In building a house, generally we expect the cost of a cheap, could get a house with good quality, both in terms of construction and in terms of health. However, we should not blindly save. In terms of origin of the material is cheap, just take it. Because it could be a material having a low purchase price, after it calculated the value of its useful life is very expensive. In this case, we use the calculation of economic science.
Based on calculations of economic science, the materials we choose must clearly durable. Thus, the amount of money we spend divided by the age of the building material long enough to produce an economical usage value.
For example, the selection of Meranti wood for roof construction materials or frame, in terms of price per cubic meter, is cheaper than using wood Bengkirai. But keep in mind, durability and hardness levels far above Bengkirai wood Meranti wood. If we build in areas with many termite, then it will be faster Meranti wood rotten wood eaten by termites compared with Bengkirai.
Similarly, resistance to moisture. Bengkirai wood is more resistant than wood Meranti humid conditions. So if the price is cheap Meranti wood divided by service life of only a few years, then the value in use Meranti it will be more expensive when compared with use value Bengkirai. For, although the purchase price at the beginning of cheap, but after a few years become edible fungi or termite damaged, replacement should be done which means no extra cost.
Select the Right Construction
Next we must also consider the problem of construction. Because if construction is not planned properly, then instead of saving and healthy, instead we will often be bothered if there is a lot of damage later on.
In planning the construction of homes, we must consider the condition of the land on which the building will be erected. For example, if the condition of the land has a low water table, then we must select the construction of floors that can prevent up and pervasiveness of soil moisture into the wall. Pervasive and increasing soil moisture on the walls, will further increase the levels of humidity in the room. Notice the two pictures below.
Can not be said that the first construction is better or more efficient than the second construction. For efficient whether a construction, depending on the condition of land and forms of our building.
Transram layer can withstand a rise in soil moisture. Layer waterproof / transram is made from a mixture of sand and cement with a ratio of 1:2. Should be selected sand containing a little mud. Sand from volcanic eruptions, such as sand Galunggung in West Java or sand Muntilan in Central Java, is an example of sand from the volcanic eruption that little mud levels. Holding capacity of sand with low silt content is better than sand which contains a lot of mud.Time and Technical Work
Time and working techniques were also very influential on the durability and quality construction. As an illustration, we will discuss the problem of finishing materials or paint. In doing the painting, to consider the time and the proper way.
Wherever possible, avoid painting in the rainy season, due to moisture in the air high enough, so that will affect the drying results. Do not be too hasty to do the painting if plastering a new wall was completed. We recommend that you wait for one to two weeks after the job is finished plaster walls, new paint job can be started.
The lag time of one to two weeks is necessary to allow the layer of cement releases heat. Because if the heat release by the cement has not been perfect, can occur suddenly drying. The sudden drying will result in faster peeling paint.
The use of coatings before painting is often referred plamuur (read: plamir), should only be used for the inside of the building. Outer side of the building, should be painted directly without diplamuur first. Why is that? Because, plamuur have properties not stand the rain and heat (climate change), so it will peel off if exposed to the weather continuously. Although currently there are certain products that offer plamuur with good quality, are relatively more expensive than if you paint directly.
Calculate Profit and Loss
Each building material has advantages and disadvantages of each. So for every use of a material, there must be advantages and disadvantages. Obviously we do not want to lose, so it needs to count carefully.
For example in the choice of roof coverings or tiles. The use of asbestos as a wave of roofing materials, today still raises the pros and cons. There are opinions that say that the asbestos health hazard, but there are also surveys and studies showing that asbestos does not cause health problems, if it is installed beneath the ceiling and painted.
Regardless of the pros and cons of these issues, asbestos can be installed with a slope of up to 15 ° so it can be said to be almost flat. With mounting and exact location of nails, asbestos roof leaks relatively less experienced than other types of roofing. Additionally, asbestos is relatively cheaper price. If you intend to use asbestos, corrugated asbestos choose bigger than a small corrugated asbestos, because it is more robust and durable.
Another alternative is to cover the roof of concrete tiles. This material is actually quite good, as they are made with molds to produce tiles that more precision (better accuracy). In addition, concrete tile drained without due process of combustion, so the shape changes do not occur. Thus the installation of concrete roof tile is made easier and leaks in the rain can be avoided, because it is relatively more tightly.
But no ivory that is not cracked. Lack of concrete roof tile is a fairly heavy weight and its brittle (easily broken) when stepped on. Besides market competition is happening at this time, resulting in a decrease in quality due to a mixture of cement and sand no longer meet the standards. Consequently, if we choose the wrong, then the concrete tiles are more fragile and easily broken.
How to clay roof tiles? In terms of material, tile is relatively better, as only one ingredient that is made of clay. However, due to the drying process requires combustion, often change shape so it is not so precise. Need extra care and patience in assembly. However, this tile fact have better strength when stepped on (for example, when we fix a leak) and more "cool" than the two above the roof covering.
To calculate and determine the profit and loss, we must pay attention to our needs and limitations. Maybe for some people, the use of clay roof tiles are better than concrete tile, because it tends to heat the air around her house. While for some people, the use of asbestos roof may be more advantageous, because it can save material cost and cost handyman.
Building a healthy house in humid tropical Indonesia, requires a precise idea in the selection of building materials and design details of buildings. Building materials selected should not be fancy, expensive or imported materials. It is precisely the use of appropriate materials, in accordance with the tropical climate and the problems to overcome, is an important basis for building a healthy home.
Moist Tropical Climate Issues
Characteristic of humid tropical climates such as in Indonesia is relatively high air temperature throughout the year and high humidity as well. Air humidity is actually not harmful, but the side effects that appear dangerous.
Humidity can lead to the emergence of fungi, bacteria and certain microorganisms that interfere with health. There are even some fungi and insects that can damage building materials. Because it is necessary to choose the right building materials, in anticipation of this humid tropical climatic conditions.
Offers May Not Save
In building a house, generally we expect the cost of a cheap, could get a house with good quality, both in terms of construction and in terms of health. However, we should not blindly save. In terms of origin of the material is cheap, just take it. Because it could be a material having a low purchase price, after it calculated the value of its useful life is very expensive. In this case, we use the calculation of economic science.
Based on calculations of economic science, the materials we choose must clearly durable. Thus, the amount of money we spend divided by the age of the building material long enough to produce an economical usage value.
For example, the selection of Meranti wood for roof construction materials or frame, in terms of price per cubic meter, is cheaper than using wood Bengkirai. But keep in mind, durability and hardness levels far above Bengkirai wood Meranti wood. If we build in areas with many termite, then it will be faster Meranti wood rotten wood eaten by termites compared with Bengkirai.
Similarly, resistance to moisture. Bengkirai wood is more resistant than wood Meranti humid conditions. So if the price is cheap Meranti wood divided by service life of only a few years, then the value in use Meranti it will be more expensive when compared with use value Bengkirai. For, although the purchase price at the beginning of cheap, but after a few years become edible fungi or termite damaged, replacement should be done which means no extra cost.
Select the Right Construction
Next we must also consider the problem of construction. Because if construction is not planned properly, then instead of saving and healthy, instead we will often be bothered if there is a lot of damage later on.
In planning the construction of homes, we must consider the condition of the land on which the building will be erected. For example, if the condition of the land has a low water table, then we must select the construction of floors that can prevent up and pervasiveness of soil moisture into the wall. Pervasive and increasing soil moisture on the walls, will further increase the levels of humidity in the room. Notice the two pictures below.
Can not be said that the first construction is better or more efficient than the second construction. For efficient whether a construction, depending on the condition of land and forms of our building.
Transram layer can withstand a rise in soil moisture. Layer waterproof / transram is made from a mixture of sand and cement with a ratio of 1:2. Should be selected sand containing a little mud. Sand from volcanic eruptions, such as sand Galunggung in West Java or sand Muntilan in Central Java, is an example of sand from the volcanic eruption that little mud levels. Holding capacity of sand with low silt content is better than sand which contains a lot of mud.Time and Technical Work
Time and working techniques were also very influential on the durability and quality construction. As an illustration, we will discuss the problem of finishing materials or paint. In doing the painting, to consider the time and the proper way.
Wherever possible, avoid painting in the rainy season, due to moisture in the air high enough, so that will affect the drying results. Do not be too hasty to do the painting if plastering a new wall was completed. We recommend that you wait for one to two weeks after the job is finished plaster walls, new paint job can be started.
The lag time of one to two weeks is necessary to allow the layer of cement releases heat. Because if the heat release by the cement has not been perfect, can occur suddenly drying. The sudden drying will result in faster peeling paint.
The use of coatings before painting is often referred plamuur (read: plamir), should only be used for the inside of the building. Outer side of the building, should be painted directly without diplamuur first. Why is that? Because, plamuur have properties not stand the rain and heat (climate change), so it will peel off if exposed to the weather continuously. Although currently there are certain products that offer plamuur with good quality, are relatively more expensive than if you paint directly.
Calculate Profit and Loss
Each building material has advantages and disadvantages of each. So for every use of a material, there must be advantages and disadvantages. Obviously we do not want to lose, so it needs to count carefully.
For example in the choice of roof coverings or tiles. The use of asbestos as a wave of roofing materials, today still raises the pros and cons. There are opinions that say that the asbestos health hazard, but there are also surveys and studies showing that asbestos does not cause health problems, if it is installed beneath the ceiling and painted.
Regardless of the pros and cons of these issues, asbestos can be installed with a slope of up to 15 ° so it can be said to be almost flat. With mounting and exact location of nails, asbestos roof leaks relatively less experienced than other types of roofing. Additionally, asbestos is relatively cheaper price. If you intend to use asbestos, corrugated asbestos choose bigger than a small corrugated asbestos, because it is more robust and durable.
Another alternative is to cover the roof of concrete tiles. This material is actually quite good, as they are made with molds to produce tiles that more precision (better accuracy). In addition, concrete tile drained without due process of combustion, so the shape changes do not occur. Thus the installation of concrete roof tile is made easier and leaks in the rain can be avoided, because it is relatively more tightly.
But no ivory that is not cracked. Lack of concrete roof tile is a fairly heavy weight and its brittle (easily broken) when stepped on. Besides market competition is happening at this time, resulting in a decrease in quality due to a mixture of cement and sand no longer meet the standards. Consequently, if we choose the wrong, then the concrete tiles are more fragile and easily broken.
How to clay roof tiles? In terms of material, tile is relatively better, as only one ingredient that is made of clay. However, due to the drying process requires combustion, often change shape so it is not so precise. Need extra care and patience in assembly. However, this tile fact have better strength when stepped on (for example, when we fix a leak) and more "cool" than the two above the roof covering.
To calculate and determine the profit and loss, we must pay attention to our needs and limitations. Maybe for some people, the use of clay roof tiles are better than concrete tile, because it tends to heat the air around her house. While for some people, the use of asbestos roof may be more advantageous, because it can save material cost and cost handyman.
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